Quotient-registering mechanism for calculating-machines.



J. F. MAYS. QUOTIENT REGISTERING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES. l,297,71 1

APPLICATION FILED APR. 30. I9!!- Patented Mar. 18, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHELI 2- gnu Mom affozucq J. F. MAYS' QUOTIENT REGISTERING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 30. I91]. 1 ,297,71 1 Patented Mar. 18, 1919.

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dffozncu UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES F. MAYS, F BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA, ASSIGNOR TO MAYS ACCOUNTING MACHINE COMPANY, 0F LEXINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA, A CORPORATION OF NORTH canonnm.

oUo'rInN'r-nEcIsrEnmc mnonamsni non CALCULATING-MACHINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 18, 1919.

Application filed 'April '30, 1917. Serial No. 165,413.

tion of the quotient registering dials and the decimal pointers are so. connected as to eliminate this liability of human error.

Further objects of my invention will apturn on an individual shaft 8, mounted in side frames 9 and 10 secured to the general frame of thecalculating machine. and located directly inside of the right-hand side To all whom it may concern: pear from the following description, and Be it known that 1, James F. MAYS, a the novel points will be more particularly citizen of the United States, residing at pointed out in the accompanying claims. Birmingham, in the county of J efli'erson and In order to more fully describe my said State .of Alabama, have invented certain invention, reference will be had to the acnew and useful Improvements in Quotientcompanying d wi i Registering Mechanism for Calculating-Ma- Figure 1, represents in top plan a calcuchines, of which the following is a specificalating machine embodying my invention; 1 1, Fig. 2, a fragmentary view of the machine This invention relates to improvements in with the casing removed, and showing parts uotient registering mechanism in which of my invention in rear elevation; x the quotient is automatically registered on Fig. 3, a side elevation partly in section a serles of dials, and in the case shown by of parts of the mechanism constituting my the operation of the ordinary finger keys of invention; g the machine, though I do not limlt my n- Fig. 4:, a fragmentary top plan view partly vention to calculating machines in which the in section of the same; a setting of the dials is limited to. direct key Fig. 5, a detail section on line 5"-5 Fig. operation. 4, looking in the direction of the arrows, and The invention further relates to improve- Fig. 6, a detail section on line 6"- Fig. ments in quotient registering mechanisms in 4, looking in the direction of the arrows.v a calculating machine having a series of It will be assumed for the'purpose of the 7 5 movable division indicators or decimal. present description that my invention is pointers, and wherein there is provided applied to that general type .of calculating mechanism common to both the decimal machine in which the ordinary addition dials pointers and the quotient registering mechare operated from rock shafts actuated by. anism, and so arranged that when mamputhe keys such, for example, as shown in my lated will operate the desired decimal United States Patents Nos. 838,128 and pointer, and at the same time select the 1,220.665. However, the invention can be proper quotient registering dial to be regisused on other types of calculating machines. tered upon, It is old in calculating ma- In the accompanying drawings, 1 reprechines to point oil decimal places in a numsents the casing of such machine, 2 the keys, ber registered on a series of dials, by maand 3 the number dials operated from these nipulating movable decimal pointers mmintkeys for purposes of performing the operaed on the top of the machine casing, and to tions' of addition, subtraction, multiplicaemploy quotient registering dials for registion and division, the said dials in the ma-. tering the quotient, but in all such machines chine shown being provided with two sets there has not been any operative connection of numbers, the upper set reading on each between the decimal pointers themselves and dial from 0 to 9, and the lower set being the quotient dials. The disadvantage of numbers which are complementary to the such arrangements is that the setting of the numbers of the upper set. The dials are decimal pointers and the selective setting of displayed through windows 4 and 5, respec the quotient registering dials involves two tively. formed in the casing 1. Hand operseparate and independent operations, and a ated lever 6, shown in Fig. 1, is for the person is liable to perform one and forget purpose of resetting the dials 3, and forms to perform the other, and even if they pernopart of my present invention form both, they may not be performed in The improved division counter or quotient the proper relation to each other. In other registering mechanism constituting my preswords, this arrangement involves a human ent invention comprises in'the form shown, element which is largely susceptible to error. among other parts, a series of registering In my improved device the selective operadials 7 e, 7", 7, 7, 7 'and 7, each mounted to which are adapted thereof so as to be inclosed in the casing 1. These dials, however, may be placed at either right or left side of the machine keys, as de sired. Some calculating machines are better adapted for using .them on the left side. These dials 7* f are each provided with numbers reading from O to 9 inclusive, to be displayed through window openings 11," for-med in casing 1. Each .of these dials is under tension of a coil spring 12 tending, to rotate it in an anticlockwise direction Fig.3, in its zero position against such rotation, by a pin ,8 on each shaft 8 engagin with a stationary pin 9 on frame 9. ach dial provided with a holding pawl 13 adapted to engage with the teeth of a ratchet 14 fast to each of said dial shafts, the said holding pawls being under tension in a direction toward said ratchets, of a, spring 15. For the purpose of stepping these dials 7- forward, there is provided a master ratchet shaft 16' slidabl mounted at One end in a sleeve 17 and sli ably mounted at its other end in a rigid bar 18 forming a portion of the framework of. the machine, This shaft is also rotatable in parts 17 and 18. Horizontal movement is imparted to shaft 16 for the purpose of operating dials 7 -7, and rotary motion is imparted thereto for the urpose of selecting which of said dials shall be operated. This shaft operates said diazls through a series of pawls 19 fast to said shaft, which are adapted to engage respectively with ratchets 14 fast to the respective dial shafts 8. Shaft 16 is sevensided in cross-section, and pawls 19 are spacedspirally around the same so that in one angular position of the shaft one of said pawls .will be operative upon dlal 7*, for example, and when said shaft is rotated oneseventh of a revolution, that pawl will be shifted out of operative relation to said dial and the next pawl brought into operation to dial 7 and so on through the series. Longitudin-al movement is imparted to shaft 16 to step the dials 7 1 forward through the operation of the keys2 of the machine,- and this is effected by means of the following mechanism: Shaft 16' carries near one end and fast thereto a flanged collar 20, which engages with a pin 21 carried by an arm 22 of a bell crank lever 23. The other arm of this lever is flexibly connected through a link 24 to a lever or arm 25 fast on a rocker shaft 26 which carries fast thereto an arm 27, said rock shaft being journaled at One end in angle plate 28 and at the other, in frame piece 29 of the machine. Arm 27 normally stands in engagement with one of a series of pins 30 fast on a movable bar 31 ivotally mounted on rocker arms 32 and 33 aving movable guides 32 and 33 adapted to 'cotiperate with rigid guide plates 34 and 35. Shaft 16 is constantly under tension to but normally held pawls 19 on said shaft.

on extension 47 of the right of a spring .36 which also acts to hold arm 27 against pin 30. Bar 31 is. at all times under tension to the right, Fig. 2, of a spring 37. Each time one of the keys of the machme is operated, bar 31 is shifted to the left Fig. 2, and actuating through its .connection with shaft 16 imparts horizontal movement to this shaft to the left as shown in Fig.3, 'thereb 1 stepping that one of said dials (7 around one step, which happens to be in operative relation with one of the For the purpose of effecting the above described operation of bar there is provided the following mechanism: Each pin 30 corresponds to a column of keys and corresponding to each such pin there is an arm 39 rigidly mounted on a rock shaft 40, and these arms are adapted, upon the operation of their respective rock shafts through a portion of a revolution, to engage with their respective pins 30 and shift the latter, and, therethrough, the bar 31 to the left Fig. 2. For the purpose of imparting rotation to the rock shafts 40, the stem portion 38 of each key, in the case shown. is provided with a series of gear teeth 41 which, when the key has been depressed a given distance, engage with toothed sectors of the individual rock shafts 40. Each of these sectors is provided with an extension or arm 43 adapte to be engaged by a pin 44 on its respectlve key stem, and operated by said pin so as to impart a preliminary or initial angular movement to the sector, causing it to readily engage with the gear teeth 41 on the key stems.

. The rotation of shaft 16 for the purpose of selecting thatv one of the dials 7 -7 which is to be operated, is effected automatically through the setting of division indicators or decimal pointers 45, and for this purpose there is provided the following mechanism: The end of shaft 16 which extends into sleeve17 is slotted, as at 16, and into this slot extends a pin 17 so as to effect a positive connection between shaft 16 and sleeve 17 so far as rotary motion is concerned. Sleeve 17 is rotatably mounted near one end in a fixed plate 46. and at its other end is provided with an extension 47 forming a stud shaft which is rotatably mounted in a fixed plate 48. Loose sleeve 17 is a gear 49 which carries a spring pawl 50 adapted to engage with a ratchet 51 formed on a gehr 52 fast on or integral with sleeve 17. Gears 52 mesh with a gear 53 formed on a registering dial 54 fast on a shaft 55 journaled in plates 46 and 48. The function of this dial will be later described. Gear 49 meshes with a gear 56 loose on shaft Gear 56' is constantly under tension in an anti-clockwise direction, Fig. 5, of a coil spring 57 attached at one end to a pin 58 fast to one 31 from the keys,

face of said gear, and at its other end to a decimal pointer automatically" selects the pin 59 on an arm 60 rigidly attached to the quotient reglstering dial corresponding to frame of the machine and acting against the decimal pointer operated.

pin 58 to form a stop to limit the movement For the purpose of forming a check on of gear 56 in the direction above stated. the last quotient dials 7-7 operated, in 70 Gear 56 also carries a pin 61 fast thereto, case the operator ofthe machine is called and adapted to engage with one end of-a away or otherwise interrupted in the midst ratchet bar62 slidably connected to the inof a calculation, the registering dial 54 is side of the topcasing of the machine for provided for recording the number of the horizontal movement, and constantly under quotient dial being operated; This dial 54 75 tension to the left, Fig. 4, of a spring 63. carries upon its periphery numbers 0, 1, 2, Rigidly attached. to the inside of said top 3, 4, and 6, in the case shown, correspondcaslng is :a' supporting bar 64 upon which 111g, excepting as to the zero, to the number is slidably mounted, each upon a pair of of'quotient registering dials employed, and pins or screws 65, a series of plates 66 1s rotatable with shaft 55, geared to a gear cated alternately on opposite sides of said 52 fast tosleeve 17 so that for each step that bar. Each of these plates is provided with shaft 16 is rotated, a new number on dialf an upward extension 67 (see Fig. 5) which 54 will be displayed through an opening passes through an individual slot 68 in the thereabove formed in the top casing of the top casing of the machine, and each ofthese machine. 5 plates is under tension of "an individual For the purpose of resetting the quotient spring 69 at all times tending-to hold said d1als.7-7 to zero, there 1s provided, in the upward extensions against. corresponding case shown, a longitudinally shifta ble bar ends of their individual slots 68, the left- 76 at .all times under tension to the right hand ends thereof as shown in Figs. 4 and Flg. 3' of a sprin 77, and carrying a, series 5. Each of. the extensions 67 terminates at of pins 78 individual respectively and in its upper ends in a fingeriece 70 .for 'o line with the upwardextension formed oneration as hereinafter descri ed. On each of dial pawls 13. This bar '7 6 is provided with the decimal pointers 45 is formed a pivot an extenslon 7 9' which passes upwardly pin 71 rotatable in the top casing of the through .a slot 80 in thetop casing,'and machine, and each of these pins is provided forms a handle for the lateral shifti of with an arm 72 fast thereto and adapted to said bar. By shifting said bar to the eft,

be engaged by the forwardedge of a corre- Fig. 3, pins 7 8 thereon engage with pawls sponding one of the plate extensions 67 13 and release the same from engagement Also adapted to engage respectively with with their respective ratchets 14, whereupon the forward edge of these extensions are a the latter rotate backward under the action series of 'offsetsor shoulders 73 formed on of their individual springs until pins 8'. on the ratchet bar 62. Therefore, if the forethe shaft of each ofsaid ratchets engages finger be pressed against the right-hand side with their stationary stop pins 9, whereupof one of the finger-pieces 70, Fig. 5, and the on each of the quotient dials displays zero 1 05 thumb against the left-hand side of the through its opening 11 in the top easing.

next finger-piece on the left, the latter will Mechanism-may also be provided for coube shifted to the right against the tension pling and uncouplin the division counting of its spring 69, thereby causing the extenmechanism to and rom operative connec-- sion 67 acting through that one of the shonl tion with the keys, and this is effected in the ders 73 in engagement therewith to shift present case by mounting the .arms 32 and ratchet bar "62 forward or to the right in 33 which carry bar 31 upon a horizontally Fig.5 so as to rotate gear 56 one step. At shiftable frame 81, guided by screws 82 the same time extension 67 acting through passing through slots 83, and shifted by arm 72 operates its corresponding decimal means of a lever 84 fulcrumed on a shaft 85,

pointer 45, causing the same to travel in an and having an extension 86 engaging at its anti-clockwise directionv or point downward lower end with a pin 87 secured tothe shiftto a corresponding one of a series of diviable frame 81'. For efiectin an even move sion lines 4, appearing on the top of the ment of frame 81, there is ast on shaft 85 machine casing between successive dials, and an arm-88 engaging at itslower end with a pin 12o indicating the decimal points. In impart- 89 fast on frame 81. When the upper end ing the rotation to gear 56 described, this of lever .84, which extends through a slot gear acted through gear 49 and its ratchet in the casing of the machine, is shifted connection with gear 52 to rotate sleeve 17 to the le t Fig. 3, the pins 30, or r 31, are and therethrough shaft 16, to bring that one brought out of the paths of arm -,39, and of its pawls 19 into operative relation with when shifted to the right Fig. 3, said pins that one of the registering dials 7-7, corareoarried forward or into the paths of. said responding to the decimal, pointer operated. arms, and therefore into operative relation It will therefore be seen that mechanism is thereto.

provided whereby the operation of a given There is also preferably provided on the divide 8575 by top casing of the machine a series of lines 90 leading from the spaces between adjacent columns of keys to the pivotal points of the corresponding decimal pointers.

The operation is as follows:

Assume, for example, that it is desired to 35. The operator first sees that all of the dials 'F-T stand at zero, and that the dial 5% also indicates zero, and he then sets the number 8575 on the complementary numbers of the dials 3, as indicated in Fig. 1, and he manipulates that one of the finger-pieces 70 which will operate the proper decimal pointer 45 to point off 85; that is, the second decimal pointed from the right Fig. 1. The operator then operates the 3 key in the fourth column from the right, and the 5 key in the third column from the right, depressing these keys simultaneously, and repeats this operation until the dividend 85 is reduced to less than 35.

into 85 twice; therefore the first 35 will go dial 7* will display the quotient registering numeral 2. The registering dials 3 which formerly displayed the dividend 85 will now display 15. The operator then turns down the next decimal pointer on the right, which points oil a dividend 157. The operator then operates the 3 key in the third column, and the 5 key in the second column until the dividend 157 becomes less than 35. 35 will go into 157 at least four'times, and the second quotient registering dial 7 will now display the'numeral 4:. The remainder left in the dividend will be 17 which will "be displayed on the second and third dials 3 from the right, F i 1. The actual dividend to be 'now 'dlivi ed into is 175, which will be displayed by the last three dials 3 on the right, and being the last figure in the dividend, it is not necessary to point ofi' any decimal place. However, in order to select or render operative the next quotient registering dial (dial 7) one of the finger-pieces 1s operated as hereinibefore described so as to rotate the selecting ratchet shaft16. The operator then manipulates the 3 key of the second column from the right, and the five key of the last column on the right,- until the number displayed by the dials 3 is less than 35, whereupon the quotient registering dials 7 will display the number 5. As 35 goes into 135 an even number, of times, no remainde-r will be left on the dials 3. If there were a remainder, this would show up on the dials 3. I

Before commencing each operation of division, the dials 7 and the auxiliary dial 54 is also set to display zero. When the first gear 56 forward one ste and this not only rotated shaft 16 so as to bring one of its pawls 19 into operative relation with dials so'that if an operator to 7 are all set to zero,

decimal pointer was turned down, the ratchet bar 62 stepped '7**, but it also stepped dial 5-iaround one step, causing this dial to display the numeral 1, indicating that the quotient dial being operated upon is the first one in the series. Similarly this dial 54 Will he stepped around one step each time a new dial of the series 7" to 7 is employed in the operation, is interrupted or called away in the midst of anoperation, he will know which one of the dials 7 will operate on the next manipulation of the keys.

I have herein shown and described but one specific embodiment of my invention, but it is understood that the same may be modified in many respects Without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim is 1,- In a calculating machine, the comblnatlon with a series of movable decimal 'pointers, a series of quotient registering means for operating the same, and mechanism also operated by said manual means to select a quotient dial. corresponding to the decimal pointer operated.

3.-A calculating machine comprising a movable decimal pointer, dial selecting mechanism, dial operating mechanism, and means common to both said decimal pointer and selecting mechanism for operating the same.

4. A calculating machine I casing provided with a series of slots, 2. series of finger operated members extending each through an individual one of said slots and mounted within said casing, means holding said members under tension against corresponding ends of said slots, a series of decimal pointers individually operable by I said members, quotient registering dials and means to operate the same, and quotient'dial selecting mechanism also operable by said members.

having a top a shaft having a individual to the respective dials for operating the same one at a time, and mechanism operative on said member to rotate the same always in the same direction to effect said selection.

7. A calculating machine, comprising a series of-quotien-t registering dials, a ratchet operatively connected to each of said dials, series of pawls arranged thereon in a spiral path, means to rotate said shaft to bring said pawls successively into operative relation to successive ones of sai dial ratchets, and mechanism to shift said shaft longitudinally to operate said ratchets by said pawls and therethrough to operate corresponding ones of said dials.

8. A calculating machine comprising a plurality of key operated rock shafts, a movable bar common to said shafts, means for shifting said bar through the rotation of any ofsaid shafts, a series of quotient registering dials each having a ratchet operatively connected vthereto, a rotatable and longitudinally shiftable shaft, operative connection between said movable bar and said shaft for longitudinally shifting the same, a series of pawls mounted on said shaft in a spiral path and adapted to engage successively with corresponding ones of said dial ratchets and means to rotate said shaft step-by-step. a

9. A calculating machine comprising a series of quotient registering dials, means for actuating said dials individually, division indicators corresponding to the quotient dials, and means operative by the respective division indicators for automatically setting the corresponding quotient dials for actuatlon.

10. A calculatmg machine, comprising a series of quotient registering dials, means for rotating said dialsindividually, key

operated means for operating said dial rotating means to rotate said dials, mechanism for bringing said dial operating means into and out of operative relation decimal pointers, decimal pointer operating means, and finger operated means common to both saidv mechanism and said pointer operating means to simultaneously operate the same.

11. A calculating'machine having a casing the top of which is provided with a series of slots, a series of finger operated members extending each through an individual one of said slots and mounted within said casing, means holding said members under tension against corresponding ends of said slots, quotient dials and means to operate the same, and quotient dial selecting mechanism operable by said members.

12. A calculating machine comprising a series of quotient registering dials, means to select individual ones of said dials for operation, means to operate said dials selected, an auxiliary or dial indicating dial, and mechanism toimpart rotary motion to said last named dial each time one of said quotient dials is selected for operation.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in the presence of a witness.

' Y JAMES F. MAYS. Witness:

NoMIE WELSH.

to said dials, 

